Account- and launcher-based entitlement systems tied to digital storefronts.
Steam (CEG / Steam DRM)
Steam's DRM ties game launches to an authenticated Steam account and licensed entitlement. The older CEG component could bind per-user executables and perform integrity checks. Offline mode is available after prior activation, with periodic revalidation by the client.
Epic Online Services
A cross-platform backend providing authentication, entitlement verification, matchmaking, and related services. Games on the Epic Games Store may use EOS or the launcher to confirm account ownership at launch. Offline behavior depends on publisher configuration.
Ubisoft Connect
An account-based launcher that validates ownership and may require online connectivity at first launch or continuously, depending on the title. It also provides updates, overlays, and cloud saves. Enforcement policies vary by game.
EA App / EA Anti-Cheat
The EA App handles account authentication and entitlement checks for game launches and updates. EA Anti-Cheat is a kernel-mode component used by select titles to enforce process integrity and detect cheating. Offline access requirements are game-dependent.
Rockstar Social Club
Rockstar's launcher and Social Club services authenticate users and verify licenses prior to starting supported games. They integrate cloud saves, updates, and online features. Offline play typically requires prior sign-in and is governed by title-specific policies.
GOG Galaxy (DRM-free)
GOG distributes games without mandatory DRM; the Galaxy client is optional. Galaxy offers updates, achievements, and cloud saves without enforcing online checks for launch. Installers and executables are designed to function offline.
Microsoft Store / UWP
Uses Windows Store licensing and encryption to bind apps to a Microsoft account or device. UWP packages are signed and run in a sandbox, with entitlement checks performed by the Store infrastructure. Some titles also rely on Xbox services for additional authentication.